24th American World Dentistry Congress December 04-05, 2019 Vancouver, Canada

Since the concept of Osseo integration was introduced by Brånemark et al, modern dental implants have been considered a safe and reliable option for replacing missing teeth. By placing dental implants abutment directly in in bone, considering different problems regarding its rejection, if every step is done by standard method the implant will be osseointegrated into the alveolar bone. Osseointegration depends on a multiple of factors such as implant material, surgical technique etc. The implant material mostly include titanium and its alloys (mostly Titanium alloys Ti6Al4V) zirconia or even fiber reinforced composite (FRC) which can be a potential material in near future. For past few decades titanium and its alloys have been the material of choice for dental implant’s abutment. However, titanium has been shown to exhibit a variety of problems. Because of the high modulus of elasticity of the titanium alloys, dental implants made from the material can cause stress-shielding which may lead to periodontal bone loss. Moreover few cases has been reported with induction of hypersensitivity to the titanium used as implant’s abutment also other problems such as Wear debris and ion leakage can also be of concern with titanium dental implants. There is various factor concerning the success or failure of a dental implant by the manner in which stresses are transferred to the surrounding bone. Load transfer from implants to surrounding bone depends on the type of loading, the bone–implant interface, the quantity and quality of the surrounding bone and etc. Finite element analysis (FEA) allows researchers to predict stress distribution in the contact area of the implants with cortical bone and around the implants in trabecular bone. The high-performance biomaterial PEEK (polyether ether ketone) has been applied as implant material in many fields of medicine since the 1990ies.Due to its excellent properties, a high stability and elasticity (elastic modulus: 3-4 GPa), low density (1,32 g/cm3) and insolubility its application have been boosted in the field of dentistry as for the manufacturing of prosthetic reconstructions. Its elastic modulus, similarly to that of cortical bone, it plays an important role as viable alternative to conventional implant materials such as titanium. This reduces the risk of stress shielding around the implant and makes it suitable for use even in orthopedic procedures and spinal surgery. The stable chemical structure of PEEK makes it extremely unreactive and inherently resistant to chemical and thermal degradation. The inertness of the polymer also explains its biocompatibility, which has been shown both in vitro and in vivo. In this review article we inspect the probable advantages of using the PEEK as a stress shielding material

in dental implant’s abutment.

Sara A. Swidan has completed her master’s degree in oral pathology from Suez Canal University in 2016. She is an assistant lecturer of oral Pathology at Faculty of dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. Her research interest focused on the effect of phytochemicals and nano-drugs on prevention and treatment of chemically induced oral squamous cell carcinoma in animal models.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of different Nano filled resin coatings on the staining susceptibility of glass ionomer restoratives after immersion in three food simulating solutions (FSS). 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a common chemotherapeutic drug for treatment of oral cancer. However, its toxicity to normal tissues has limited its role as an effective cancer therapy. This research aimed to investigate the effect of combining 5-FU with honokiol (HNK) - a small natural organic molecule- on enhancing the anticancer activity of 5-FU without increasing its toxicity. Honokiol (HNK) was formulated in nano-capsules (HNK-NC) for better bioavailability, efficient penetration and sustained release. HNK-NC was used in combination with 5-FU for treatment of tongue carcinoma induced chemically by 4-nitroquinoline 1 oxide (4-NQO) in albino rats. Rats were divided into seven groups including control, 4-NQO, 5-FU, HNK, HNKNP, 5-FU with HNK, and 5-FU with HNK-NC. HNK-NC were successfully prepared using nanoprecipitation technique and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was employed to evaluate the shape of the prepared capsules. The mean particle size was 93.93 ± 1.22 nm, with zeta potential of ±30.1 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 99.2 ± 0.3%.. Assessment of serum levels of liver enzymes and creatinine was done to evaluate the safety of the used drugs. Serial sections of the tongues from all animals was examined microscopically and real-time PCR quantification of P53 gene expression was also assessed. The results showed that treatment with both 5-FU + HNK-NC had significantly retarded tumor growth, with a marked reduction in the systemic toxicity as compared to treatment with either drug individually. Data analysis revealed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the expression levels of P53 between the combined treatment and control groups.

Nastaran Vaziri is a fifth year dental student at International Campus of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. She has published one article in an Iranian journal.

Pain control by local anesthesia plays a critical role in success of most dental treatments. Due to the unpleasant pain experience related to the use of the conventional syringe injection, some computerized techniques have been developed for local anesthetic injection. This study aimed to compare the pain score following infiltration anesthesia of the maxillary premolar teeth administered by the conventional syringe and automatic. This single-bind randomized clinical trial was performed on 35 patients whose average age was 38. Requiring bilateral extraction of maxillary premolars. The patients’ dental anxiety was scored and they received infiltration anesthesia with the iCT injection SE (Dentium, South Korea) at one side and conventional syringe at the contralateral side. The pain level was recorded during needle insertion, anesthetic delivery and 5 hours after the injection using visual analog scale (VAS) and the face rating scale (FRS). The data were subjected to Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Significant differences were found between the automatic and conventional methods regarding pain scores during needle insertion (P<0.01) and anesthetic delivery (P<0.0001) while no significant differences were noted at 5 hours after the injection. Pain scores were significantly lower during supra-periosteal injections in the maxillary premolar region using iCT injection. Both FRS and VAS in iCT injection showed that frequency of severe pain during needle insertion and anesthetic delivery was noticeably lower than that in conventional injection method but findings revealed that there was no significant difference between these two technics after 5 hours of injection.

Dentistry and specifically Periodontology is certainly one of the specialties that has been able to take advantage of new technologies and the digital revolution to support the field of scientific and medical research of which it is a major contributor. With this in mind, I tried to take advantage of the IT revolution by creating the computer tool PERIOSYSTEM. It brings together the revolutionary solutions in computer science, clinical research in Periodontology to facilitate its progress. Indeed, one of the major difficulties of clinical research (including large sample studies) is the time required for data collection, sorting and reporting in a statistically exploitable format, risk of errors due to re-transcription. In this sense, PERIOSYSTEM uses the following new technologies: Speech recognition: thanks to which the researcher can easily dictate and record the collected data independently.

 

Motion recognition: that allows to interact with the computer tool while preserving the asepsis (the user, can manipulate the computer without touching anything).

 

Facial Recognition: to recognize patients and facilitate practitioner / researcher-patient exchanges

The recognition of emotions: which allows for example to automatically collect some data such as pain.

Augmented reality: allows to project on reality a certain number of data selected in the patient file (like the sounding depths for example)

 

Virtual reality: which provides new communication tools with patients (motivation, explanations ...) Automated analysis of health data collected: allows patients to be sorted according to easily applicable inclusion and exclusion criteria (diabetic patients, smokers, pregnant women, cardiovascular history, etc.). The intelligent reading of X-rays, which through a gray-scale analysis, allows the application of radiographic selection criteria. From data collected, recorded and sorted, PERIOSYSTEM, allows their export in a statistically exploitable and analyzable format (EXCEL format, for example). IT is a field that is developing at a very dynamic pace and its advances have revolutionized all other sectors. As periodontists seeking to benefit from it is not only legitimate but also desirable in order to reinforce research and improve our practice in the interest of the patient and the practitioner. And I hope that through my presentation I will give many others faith in technology and the future for the best of our profession.